The quality of surface and underground waters is greatly affected by such factors as: wastewater discharges from industry, towns and cities, and cattle-breeding complexes; pollutants transferred with precipitation as well as by radio-nuclides.

To cover the section the following factors are considered:
• Waste water
• Pollutants' emissions
• Radioactive pollution of territories
• Industrial and household waste
• Agricultural activities
• Mining and construction activities
• Wetlands' reclamation
• Regulated river flow.