Anthropogenic emissions by sources and removals by sinks of greenhouse gases
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Five various gases with direct greenhouse effect considered in Tajikistan's GHG inventory. For comparison of their contribution into total emissions and definition of their impact on the climate system, IPCC recommends submitting the results of the inventory in both absolute units and in ян2-equivalent. The latter depend on the global warming potentials (GWP), which consider the radiation impact of greenhouse gases during a certain period, as well as lifetime of those gases in the atmosphere.

Some of greenhouse gases in view of their physical and chemical properties possess an extremely high GWP. Among those are perfluorcarbons. In light of high GWP, even small volumes of their emissions accounts to the essential values of ян2-equivalent.

The results of calculation show that the biggest total greenhouse gas emissions in Tajikistan were observed in 1991; they resulted in 31 million tons of ян2-equivalent, and taking into account absorption in LUCF sector they amounted in 30 million tons of ян2-equivalent. The lowest volume of GHG emissions was observed in 1998 and resulted in 6,3 million tons of ян2-equivalent. Taking into consideration absorption in LUCF sector, they amounted in 4,8 million tons.

During 1990-1998, carbon dioxide emissions dropped for bigger extent, than methane, fluorocarbon and nitrous oxide emissions. The decrease in greenhouse gas emissions is mainly related to the economic decline and deficiency of power supply. Key source categories of the greenhouse gas emissions in Tajikistan, which aggregate 95% of all emissions during 1990-1998 vary from year to year:

  • ENERGY, Industry and construction (CO2)
  • ENERGY, Residential sector and other sectors (CO2)
  • ENERGY, Transport (CO2)
  • ENERGY, Oil-gas systems (CH4)
  • INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES, Production of metals (CF4, C2F6)
  • INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES, Production of metals (CO2)
  • AGRICULTURE, Enteric fermentation (CH4)
  • AGRICULTURE, Agricultural soils (N2O)

ян2 emissions per capita decreased from 3,8 tons to 0,5 tons; this index is the lowest in the Central Asian region. At the global level, Tajikistan has the 100-th position in terms of specific CO2 emissions (CDIAC). Given that combustion of fossil fuels is the major source of ян2 emissions, it should be noted that essential hydropower potential explains the low level of ян2 emissions for the time being, as well as in the perspective.

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